Amulet

Chinese Folding Fan History

What is a Folding Fan?

The folding fan, also known as "scattering fan", "paper fan", "pinched fan", etc., is a kind of fan that can be folded. Usually, the fan frame is made of bamboo, wood or ivory, and the fan surface is made of tough paper or silk. When in use, the folding fan needs to be unfolded to form a semi-circle, and when retracted, the head should be gathered together.

Source and History

During the Song and Yuan dynasties, the silk fan still held a dominant position and its styles became more diverse. At the same time, a new form of fan - the folding fan - also began to emerge. It is generally believed that folding fans were introduced from Japan and Goryeo in the early Northern Song Dynasty. By the Southern Song Dynasty, the production of folding fans had already taken shape. However, despite this, there are very few extant paintings of folding fans, as well as records of their images and paintings. There were less than ten of them in total during the Song Dynasty, and even fewer in the Yuan Dynasty.
This phenomenon might be related to the customs and habits of that time: Many folding fans at that time were made by smeared with persimmon oil on the paper surface and were called "oil-paper fans", which were not suitable for painting on and were only for the use of ordinary citizens. It might also be because although there were also plain paper folding fans at that time, most of these fans were tools in the hands of servants and had not yet become objects of appreciation for scholars and literati. Therefore, painters and calligraphers did not regard them as the subjects of their creations.
In the murals of the Yongle Palace in Shanxi Province during the Yuan Dynasty, a large number of scenes depicting the lives of people in that era are preserved, among which folding fans still only appear in the hands of ordinary citizens.

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